Magnesium Serum, urine Serum: Adult: 1.3-2.1 mEq/L Child: 12-20 years: 1.56 +  0.21mEq/L 6-12 years: 1.56 + 0.18 mEq/L 5 months-6 years: 1.65 + 0.23 mEq/L Infant (newborn-4 months): 1.2-1.8 mEq/L Urine: 7.3-12.2 mg/dl To evaluate electrolyte disorders, hypocalcemia, hypokalemia, and acid-base imbalance To monitor patients who have cardiac disorders To monitor the pregnant patient with severe toxemia during the intravenous administration of magnesium sulfate when the serum value is abnormal, the urine tested to obtain additional data Serum: Advanced renal failure Addison's disease Administration of multiple magnesium sulfate enemas Excessive ingestion of magnesium-containing antacids Magnesium sulfate infusion therapy Urine: Chronic renal disease Addison's disease Chronic Alcoholism Bartter's syndrome Ingestion of excess magnesium Cisplatin therapy Diuretic therapy Serum: Early renal disease Inadequate dietary intake Chronic Glomerulonephritis Malabsorption Prolonged nasogastric drainage Hypercalcemia Severe burns Pancreatitis Hypoparathyroidism Hemodialysis therapy Hyperaldosteronism Pregnancy Cisplatin therapy Prolonged hyperalimentation Prolonged intravenous therapy Diabetic ketoacdosis Urine: Advanced kidney failure Acute or Chronic Diarrhea Diabetic acidosis Starvation Pancreatitis Dehydration Primary aldosteronism Malabsorption Serum: Venous stasis Hemolysis Urine: Contact of urine with metal Loss of part of the urine specimen Failure to refrigerate the specimen